Yohanan ben Zakkaï

Ier siècle

What remains when the holy place is destroyed: study, prayer, and kindness given back.

Who was Yohanan ben Zakkaï?

A sage of Judea and a disciple of Hillel, he taught in Jerusalem through the war against Rome. With the city under siege he had himself carried out beyond the walls in a coffin and obtained from the Roman general leave to open a school at Yavneh. The Temple burned in 70; before students weeping for the lost altar, he handed on a way of standing before God without sacrifice, through study, prayer and kindness done to one's neighbour.

In their own words

If you have learned much Torah, do not take the credit for yourself, for it is for this that you were formed.

Pirkei Avot 2:8, translated from the Hebrew (Vilna edition of the Mishnah)

My son, do not grieve. We have another atonement, as good as that one: it is acts of loving-kindness.

Avot de-Rabbi Nathan, 4, translated from the Hebrew (ed. S. Schechter, 1887)

May it be his will that the fear of Heaven be upon you as the fear of flesh and blood.

Babylonian Talmud, Berakhot 28b, translated from the Aramaic (Vilna edition)